I will answer the "Rides" question first.
Some Thrill Rides are:
Space Mountain, Matterhorn, Big Thunder Mountain, Star Tours, Splash Mountain (sort of)(Disneyland)
California Screamin', Tower of Terror, Radiator Springs Racers, Soaring over California, Goofy's Sky School, Grizzly River Run (CA Adventure)
My other favorites
Buzz Lightyear Astro Blasters
Peter Pans Flight
it's a Small World
Haunted Mansion
Pirates of the Carribean
But try to go on as many rides as you can even if they seem like "kiddie rides" it's part of the fun of Disneyland is being a kid again and they don't restrict adults from enjoying the rides too. Also it's part of the Disney Magic
Money wise, it will cost you between $12 to $20 per meal per person depending where you eat in the park. If you try to eat a big breakfast outside the park it would be cheaper and you would eat less in the park. But also consider drinks (soda, bottled water) and snacks. Also if either of you doesn't have a big appetite you can order a Kids Meal for a smaller portion.
Have a good time.